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MITHRA

Mithra is the god of light and the patron of honesty, friendship, contracts and meetings. He also maintains the cosmic order. Mithra is connected to the Vedic deity Mitra. Nevertheless, he also appears in the Achaemenid inscriptions.

Mithra together with Sraosha and Rashnu judge the soul after death. Also considered worthy of reverence are the fravashis, or spirits of the soul, whose worship was probably a surviving trace of an ancient cult of the spirits of the dead and of a concept of immortality typical of a warrior society.

With the emerging of Zoroastrianism, he was reduced to the status of a Yazata. However, his importance was rising once again in later timers. Sometimes he is even mentioned as the son of Ahura Mazda assisting him in his struggle against the forces of evil. He is a member of the Ahuric Triad. In the Avesta he was portrayed as having ten thousand ears and eyes, and he rides in a chariot pulled by white horses.

The first extant record of Mithra is in the inscribed peace treaty between Hittites and the Hurrian kingdom of the Mitanni in the area southeast of Lake Van, c. 1400 BCE.

In the late Roman Empire (1st to 4th centuries CE) the god Mithra appears as a personification of the sun in Mithraism, however, the connection may be by name only.


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